Abrasive cutoff wheel



NOV. 4, 1952 J HQUGH 2,616,230

ABRASIVE CUTOFF WHEEL Filed July 11, 1950 INVENTOR J. .UUNALD HDUBH I .ATT ORNEY Patented Nov. 4, 1952 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ABRASIVE CUTOFF WHEEL 'J Donald Hough, North Canton, Ohio, assignor to .The Allison Company, Bridgeport, Com, ta corporation :of Connecticut application onl 11, 1950, "Serial2No.173,158

11 Claims.

This invention relates to new and useru'l im provements in abrasive articles and has particular relation to abrasive cutoftwh'ee'ls.

%An object of the invention -is to provide "an abrasive cutoff wheel including "an outer usable abrasive rim member and an inner permanent mounting hub, both of improved construction, wherein the rim is securely and rigidly mounted on the hub and'whereby a worn down rim member may be easily and quickly removed and replaced by a new one.

*Another object is to provide an abrasive cutofi wheelof"thecharacter indicated including'means whereby a worn rim meniber may 'be easily and quickly removed from the "hub and maybe easily and quickly replaced by a new rimmember, all from "the'front side of the wheel.

48. further object is to provide an abrasive cutoff wheel having the characteristics indicated and including a means for easily and quickly looking a new abrasive rim in place on a hub against movement relative thereto and which locking means is easily manip'ulable to a released position for permitting the removal or a worn rim from a hub.

Other objects and advantages of the -invention will become apparentfrom a consideration of the following detailed description taken in connection with the -'acoompanying drawing wherein a satisfactory-embodiment or the'invention is shown. However, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited "to the details disclosed but includes an variations and "mothiic'atio'ns as fall within the spirit of *the invention and the scope of the appended "claims.

In the drawing: v

Fig. 1 is a rear -elevational "view showing an abrasive cutoff wheel made in accordance with the invention;

2 isa rear elevationalview of the abrasive rim of the wheel;

Fig. 3 is a rear -elevati'onalview of "the wheel hub;

*4 is a front elevational view of said wheel hub;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged rear elevational view of *a "small section of the'wheel showing -'construc tion details;

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken as along the "line 6-6 of Fi 5';

F'ig. '7 is an enlarged rear elevational view showing a key lockingthe rim and hubtogether against relative turning movement;

Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken along the line 8-- 8*of"7; and

Fig. '9 is an isometric view showing the rim member sections separated but positioned for assembly.

Referring in detail to the drawing, the improved abrasive cutoff wheel of the inventionas there shown comprises essentially an outer rim member geIIeraIIydesignated-IU and a hub member generallydes'ignate'd l-l. 'Rim member [0 is shown as an abrasive "annulus having outer and inner annular peripheries, although it maybe differently shaped at its inner periphery.

-'Ihe'ri'giddriving hub H is preferably of metal and'has "its-outer peripheral portions shaped to correspond with that of the inner peripheralportions of the rim member fll. As is'later set forth indetaiLrim member 10 isdetachably mounted on the hub member 3H and is driven by the latter. With "such a construction, when a rim memberwears down to the point where it is no longer of a diameter to -be economically used, the worn rim member is removed from the hub member and is replaced by a new full size rim member.

Rim member "I0 is a laminated structure made up of a frontlayer-and a rear layer. The front layer'c'omprisesa plurality-of arcuate sections l2 and =13 o'f-an annulus, wl'i-ileithe"rear layer-comprises the arcuate sections or elements I 4 "and I5. Inactual practice, rim I 0 will, in-ma'ny instances, be :of relatively :large outside diameter as, for example. a diameter of 36 or even more. Additionally, it is to be understood that the layers of the rim l0 may each comprise a single'section, but preferably, at least, each comprises two sections and it will be understood that a rim may be 'made up of more than two layers.

The manufacture of a large diameter abrasive rim member by methods heretofore generally practised involves the use of large and expensive equipment, not available to the smaller manufacturers of abrasive cutoff wheels. The abrasive portion of the rim member of the present invention is preferably made by the method set forth in the application of I-Iu' 'h V. Allison, Ser. No. 154,944 filed April ll), 1950. According to that method, abrasive rim 10, of substantially any desired diameter, may be made without the necessity of the manufacturer providing himself with large, expensive equipment.

In the manufacture of the rim member 10, sections 12, I 3, f4 and 15 are prepared. Such sections are in the nature of strips curved edgewise so that each "comprises approximately onehalf an annulus. The strips are of abrasive grain and a suitable bonding medium. The bond and its cure is generally determined by the use to which the abrasive cutoff wheel is to be put and thus the bond may be resinoid or rubber, or of any other material or combinations of materials.

In making the rim member, strips may be rolled out and the sections died therefrom. Then the sections I2 and I4 will be arranged with their adjacent ends slightly spaced as in Fig. 9 but with their outer edges defining substantially a complete circle. Thereafter, the sections I4 and I are placed on the sections I2 and I3 in staggered relation with the latter but with the end portions of the sections I 4 and I5 also slightly spaced.

In this assembly, the mid portion of the section I5 overlaps the space between a pair of adjacent ends of the sections I2 and I3 while the mid portion of the section I4 overlaps the space between the other pairs of ends of the sections I2 and I3. Then the mid portions of sections I2 and I3 span the spaces between the pairs of adjacent ends of the sections I4 and I5.

This staggerin of the sections of one layer with respect to those of the other layer provides a rim member in the form of an annulus having through its rear face a pair of radially extending channels I 6 and I 1 extending from its inner through its outer periphery. Additionally, in the rim member, the spaces between the ends of the sections I2 and I3 of the front layer define a pair of channels I8 and I9 through the front side of the rim member and extending from the inner periphery of the front layer of the rim member to the outer periphery thereof.

The layers of the rim may be assembled green or prior to complete curing of the bonding medium although, in a completely cured state, the layers may be assembled with the use of proper adhesive. The layers are so assembled that their outer peripheries are substantially flush with one another. However, the sections I2 and I3 of the front layer are wider than are the sections I4 and I 5 of the rear layer and thus the inner peripheral edges of the layers are not flush with one another. Forexample, in Fig. 3, the inner periphery of the layer made up of the sections Id and I5 is of larger diameter than is the inner periphery of the front layer made up of the sections I2 and I 3. This results in the formation of a recess 20 of a depth equal to the thickness of one of the segments I4 and I5 and opening through the rear side of the rim member and through the inner peripheral edge thereof.

A series of short rigid studs 2| are rigidly attached to the bottom Wall of the mentioned recess or to the portions of the front layer exposed through the recess. As shown in Fig. 2, the studs 2I are staggered, one being toward the outer edge of the exposed bottom wall of the recess while the next is toward the inner edge of such portion. Thus, the studs are staggered radially over the surface comprising the bottom wall of the recess 2D.

In a completed wheel, the mentioned portion of the front layer of the abrasive rim is overlapped by the outer peripheral portion of the hub II, as will be set forth, and thus, in a completed wheel, the studs 2I are carried by a portion of the rim member which is overlapped by a portion of the driving hub member. These studs need not be abrasive or do not comprise a mixture of abrasive grain and a bond, but preferably are of metal or of a hard, tough resin suitably adhered to the defined portion of the rim member.

For a purpose to be described, the studs 2 I. each include a reduced diameter shank or stem-like portion 22 which at its free end is adhered to the rim member. Then, at its outer end, each stud includes an enlarged diameter portion or a head 23 located in spaced relation to the rim member. The studs may be attached to the rim member either before or after final curing of the bond of the latter. Preferably, the studs are positioned while the sections of the rim are yet green and are placed in the curing chamber with the other elements of the rim.

During the curing, as the various sections are bonded to one another, the studs are bonded in place. With the sections assembled to form the rim member prior to the final curing of the bond, the sections of one layer will become bonded to those of the other layer during the final cure and thus a substantially homogeneous structure results.

In this way, the bond between the sections of one layer and those of the other will be of the strength of the bond securing the grain in placeand will have an equally useful life. It will be understood that the final cure will depend upon the bond employed. For example, if the bond is of rubber it will contain sulphur and other necessary ingredients and the rim member will be vulcanized. If the bond is resinoid, the rim member will be cured by a process for accomplishingthe desired cure.

The hub II includes a larger diameter portion 26 of a diameter to be received in the recess 26 of the rim member and concentric with the portion 25 includes a thicker portion 2? of smaller diameter. Portion 27 is shown as a disc formed separate from the portion 26 and the portions are secured together in any desired manner but in concentric relation so that an annular shoulder 28 is formed. A shaft portion or stud 29 may be formed with the hub portion 26 and is adapted to be held by a chuck or the like, or may be otherwise driven and, in fact, may be a permanent part of some driving mechanism (not shown).

Through the hub portion 26, outer and inner annular series of holes 24 and 25 are formed. The holes of one annular series are staggered with respect to those of the other series in the same manner as the studs 2I on the abrasive rim member. The holes correspond in number with the number of studs and each hole is in the shape of a keyhole comprising a portion 30 of a diameter through which the heads 23 of the studs 2I may pass and then comprising a radial extension 3| of substantially the diameter of the shanks 22 of said studs. The hub is countersunk in its portions about the radial extensions SI of the holes, such countersinks being indicated at 32 and being of dimensions to receive the heads 23 of the studs 2I and to have such heads lie wholly within such countersinks.

In assembling the wheel, assuming that the hub II is part of a machine, the rim member 10 is disposed at the forward side of the hub with the studs of the rim member entering through the portions 30 of the series of holes 24 and 25 through the larger diameter portion 26 of the hub and with the hub portion 2? received within the inner periphery of the forward layer of the rim member. It will be clear that the outer peripheral portion or hub part 26 is received within the recess 20 of the rim member.

From Figs. 6 and 8, it will be seen that the hub II is of a thickness to be received between or within the planes defined by the front and rear surraces red. :the member; Conveniently, :this is v-=werennilished iby .zhav'mg (the larger diameter hub ipmttiomzfi of a thicknessrequalrtomrrslightly less than that of athenear :layerxoi ithe -rrim.mem-

berrendzby'maving'the'smallemiiameterihubzportionJeI-nfzaethiclmess:equal toror slightlyilessdihan that flf'ithe fmntlayer .ofztherimmember. With this .eonstmiction, rthe wheel is adapted to rent through :a'ovorkmiecetof :a diameter @greater fthan the awidth of'thezabrasivemdieelzrim. is'ztrire, since the thin metal driving :hub :of ithepresent wheeLma-y-enterjntota outqmade 'by thezabras-ive rim.

The rim having been placed ran the hub, *as above :described, the rim is given a slight :turn onzthehub,thealatterremainingstationary. finch a turn carries the :stnds :Zl -1in-the:rim*through the :radizil slot-Hike sextensions or portions r3] of the :openinesmf :the'series 2A maize toithezinner endsefisuch vportionslocetingthe heads253 :ofzthe studsin the :rear or-zclosed-i-zin portions :of-the idescribedinonntersinksfi. Assumingthatthe-wheel iszto turn inithe direction of :the -e'.rrow 34 iinrFig. 1, zit 'will be understood :that :the wheel ,rim is turned :ima nountereclockwise iiirection in "locating the studs as described.

The :Studs 2 I *heingzin-radially spaced annular series and the :holes .24 :end being similarly spaced, it will :be :-seen that the rim is :attached to the .hub places :spaced radially outwardly atone another. .Also, :thestuds ere of-suchiength that their heads located in the countersinks -32 serve to keep the abottom "-wall of the recess r20 oi! the rim trather \tig-ht :against :the 'face of the larger diameter hub portion 1-2.6. ti-mmthe heads :of the studs do not;project'beyond the rear face of the hub portion whereby not to interfere with such =hub portion entering a cut made by thexlescribedrrim portion.

It is -desired-gthat the relationship-(of the rholes 24 endifi and the studs and the other :parts be suchthata certazin friction exists when therim is :turned in :the countereclockwi-se direction :as described whereby there is no play :between the parts such rammight-result in flutter of the rim during use. vMeans are :provided for locking the rim in :the described :turned relation with the hub. To the desired end, a notch 35 is out through the innermost peripheral edge of @the rim. Additionally, :a notch :36 is provided in the thickened :hub portion T2?! and a locking key -31 vfis located in the recess ,36 :andiisrfast with a screw BBF-eceentric withrespect to-the key.

0n turning :of this key, .315 from th position of Fig. 3'to that 'of Fig.8, the key tsnugly enters the notch 13.5 in the innermost peripher; f the rim -zwlmarebgv the rim has :no turning movement on the :hub or relative to the hub. Movement of thekeyis easily accomplished by:a:sc1tew driver and the key may .:b.e turned in "a reverse :position or back to the position of Fig. 3 to amoutwf-theway position to permit :of :the necessary slight turningof .e vtorn'rim for releasing lit from the key-hole -slots 2'4 rmfl 2.5. Itwill doe imderstooti that the :key :31 end-screw 381.1% within the plames defined by theasidesof the rim Ni.

In the assembled wheel, the .slotted-or5head send of the :screw :3Bis at thetforwardsid iof the wheel, being in the thickened central portion of the hub. Therefore, :the :hulb being imountedznd the key :being positioned in the inoperative or released position of Fig. 4, rim :memher 1:0 :be disposed against $116 forward side of the hub and given a partial turning movement to operating position. through of a screw driver or At the (same oiner-mmmmmhereyem.mutate-shown thrmzgh ta rslieht iinorement :to adispose :2

portion :o'fzit in themotchidi of then-inn, nsnhown inmigs. :lsandx-B zwhen arising sine rpresent wheel, the :slots [18, L1,, 1-138 sand it?! sonening throughathe'iront and rear faces of rthe :rim smember M and extending radially ethereof have re ifunction in that "they provide fior ".the marrying not ea :nooling medium directly into a cent being made. Where .athese wheels operate in in .fluid or coolant, 12's 'is commerciallyrdone with ;rubber ibomieii rutofi wheels, the mentioned channels \will :be filled "with the coolant and res sea-ch (channel successively :moves into an out :during rotation :of "the wheel, coolant isieamiediintoithe ciit.

@ircumferentlelly, thezchannelsnre alternately inpppositeziaces mt the wheel and thus the wool ant will be carried into the out 5snocessively:at altemeite :siii-es of :the wheel. While :the dormation to! :the member with I the zslots :1 6-439 its ea preferred nonstruotion, iitzwill fbB aunderstood that theiinverrti'on i-is nod". dimiteil to :such construction as'meny deaturesmzthe invention are useful 1 with rim members :not provided with 5510158 "or anther coolant marrying rieatnres.

When these eutofi are use, they are rotated at 35119555 and where the wheels are of large diameters it will :lse clear that many linear .ifeet :of :9. wheel vp'azss through :a cut per minute not oneratimi. the wheels wear :down, thementionefigpassage pfzlinear feetbecomes less and finally $2 is reached where efiicierit operation roniapezrtieuler job is not had. With the -pre'sent large diameter -hub, the wheel iis stiff anti-true runnin'gi-and the abrasive rimis entirely used up -so2there isno l-erge-stiib-to be discarded.

With the "present wheel, when efficient operation is no longer attained, the screw '38 is operated in turnthe key 31 to released position and the worn *rim is then "turned "slightly to align the heads of the studs =2"! "with the large 'diameter portions '30 of the openings 2'4 and 25 and the Worn rim is simply .moved laterally off the hub and is replaced by'a new rim. "The latter is 'secured in place in the manner above set 'forth when discussing the application of the rim to thehiib.

Having thus set forth the'nature of my'invention, what claim is:

1. Am abrasive cutoff wheel comprising an abrasive rim member having "a, recess opening through one side and its inner periphery, a 'dr'iving hub of e'diameter having its outer peripheral portion received in said recess in overlapping relation a portion of said rim member, said hob being "of "a thickness not greater than that of the rim member whereby to lie -Wholly within the "planes represented "by the side surfaces of the "rim member, saidi-hu'b having a series or .keyhole openings therethrongh, a series of headed studs on the overlapped portion-of said rim memher and having heads of a diameter to pass through the "largerportionsofsaid keyhole openings and having :slrianks to be received, in "the smaller portions of said openings on slight relative turning of said rim member and *hub, "a, loekmg on so id hub, said Tim having a notch to receive said key when the shanks of said studs are inthe smaller port-ions of said openings whereby to lock said rim and hub against any relative turning movement, and means for manipulating d keyinto end out of said notch.

*2. An ebms'ive cutoii wheel comprising an irhrasive :r im member having a recess "opening through one side and its inner periphery, a driving hub of a diameter having its outer peripheral portion received in said recess in overlapping relation with a portion of said rim member, said hub being of a thickness not greater than that of the rim member whereby to lie wholly Within the planes represented by the side surfaces of the rim member, said hub having a series of keyhole openings therethrough, a series of headed studs on the overlapped portion of said rim member and having heads of a diameter to pass through the larger portions of said keyhole openings and having shanks to be received in the smaller porticns of said openings on slight relative turning of said rim member and hub, and countersinks about the smaller portions of said keyhole openings and of sizes and depths wholly receiving the heads of said studs whereby the latter lie wholly within said planes.

3. An abrasive cutoif wheel comprising an abrasive rim member having a recess opening through one side and its inner periphery, a driving hub of a diameter having its outer peripheral portion received in said recess in overlapping relation with a portion of said rim member, said hub being of a thickness not greater than that of the rim member whereby to lie wholly within the planes represented by the side surfaces of the rim member, said hub having a series of keyhole openings therethrough,'a series of headed studs on the overlapped portion of said rim member and having heads of a diameter to pass through the larger portions of said keyhole openings and having shanks to be received in the smaller portions of said openings on slight relative turning of said rim member and hub, countersinks about the smaller portions of said keyhole openings and of sizes and depths to wholly receive the heads of said studs, a locking key on said hub, said rim having a notch to receive said key whereby to lock said rim and hub against any relative turning movement, and means for manipulating said key into and out of said notch.

4. The abrasive cutoff wheel as in claim 1 wherein said openings and studs each comprise at least two radially spaced annular series.

5. The abrasive cutoff wheel as in claim 1 wherein said openings and studs each comprise at least two radially spaced annular series with those of one series in staggered relation with those of the other series.

6. An abrasive cutoff wheel comprising an abrasive rim member and a driving hub of less diameter than said rim member, cooperating means on said hub and rim member for securing the rim member on the hub and in driving relation therewith on relative lateral movement of said members against one another followed by the partial turning movement of one relative to the other, and a locking key pivoted on one of said members and manually pivotally movable into engagement with the other thereof to prevent casual reversal of said relative turning movement of the members and then pivotally movable out of such engagement to permit of reversal of such relative turning movement.

7. An abrasive cutoff wheel comprising an abrasive rim member having a recess opening through one side and its inner periphery, a driving hub of a diameter having its outer peripheral portion received in said recess in overlapping relation with a portion of said rim member, cooperating means on the overlapping portions of said hub and rim member and securing the rim member on the hub and in driving relation therewith on relative lateral movement of said members against one another followed by the partial turning movement of one relative to the other, and a locking key pivoted on one of said members and manually pivotally movable into engagement with the other thereof to prevent casual reversal of said relative turning movement of the members and then pivotally movable out of such engagement to permit of reversal of such relative turning movement.

8. An abrasive cutoff Wheel rim comprising an abrasive body having an annular outer periphery and a pair of inner edges of which one is of greater diameter than the other whereby said body has a recess opening through one side and its inner periphery, studs extending laterally with respect to a side surface of said body from the inner wall of said recess for cooperating axial engagement with a hub on which said body is mounted, and said body having a notch opening radially through its inner edge of smaller diameter for cooperating radial reception of a key on a hub on which said body is mounted whereby to lock the body and said hub member against relative rotation,

9. An abrasive cutoiT wheel rim comprising an abrasive body having an annular outer periphery and an inner edge, studs extending laterally with respect to a side surface of said body for 00- operating axial engagement with a hub on which said body is mounted, and said body having a notch opening radially through its inner edge for cooperating radial reception of a key on a hub on which said body is mounted whereby to lock the body and hub member against relative rotation.

10. An abrasive cutoff wheel comprising an abrasive rim member having a recess opening through one side and its inner periphery, a driving hub of a diameter having its outer peripheral portion received in said recess in overlapping relation with a portion of said rim member, said hub being of a thickness not greater than that of the rim member whereby to lie wholly within the planes represented by the side surfaces of the rim member, said hub having a series of keyhole openings therethrough, a series of headed studs on the overlapped portion of said rim member and having heads on a diameter to pass through the larger portions of said keyhole openings and having shanks to be received in the smaller portions of said openings on slight relative turning of said rim member and hub, countersinks about the smaller portions of said keyhole openings and sizes and depths to wholly receive the heads of said studs, a locking key pivoted on said hub, said rim having a notched opening radially through an inner edge to receive said key whereby to lock said rim and hub against any relative turning movement, means for manually pivotally turning said key between a position entering said notch and a position free of said notch whereby in the former of said positions the key is looking the rim and hub against any relative turning movement and in the latter of said positions the rim and hub are capable of relative turning movement.

11. An abrasive cutofi. wheel comprising an abrasive rim member having a recess opening through one side and its inner periphery, a driving 1:1ub of a diameter having its outer peripheral portion received in said recess in overlapping relation with a portion of said rim member, said hub being of a thickness not greater than that of the rim member whereby to lie wholly within the planes represented by the side surfaces of the rim member, said hub having a series of keyhole openings therethrough, a series of headed studs on the overlapped portion of said rim member and having heads of the diameter to pass through the larger portions of said keyhole openings and having shanks to be received in. the smaller portions of said openings on slight relative turning of said rim member and hub, countersinks about the smaller portions of said keyhole openings and of sizes and depths to wholly receive the heads of said studs, a locking key pivoted on said hub, said rim having a notch opening radially through its inner edge of smaller diameter to receive said key whereby to lock said rim and hub against any relative turning movement, means for manually pivotally turning said key between a position entering said notch and a position free of said notch where- 10 by in the former of said positions the key is locking the rim and hub against any relative turning movement and in the latter of said positions the rim and hub are capable of relative turning movement.

J DONALD HOUGH.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS 

